It appears as flat patches or spots that are darker than the surrounding skin and can vary in size, shape, and colour intensity. While this concern is generally harmless and does not cause any physical discomfort, it can be a source of concern for those affected, particularly due to its impact on aesthetics.

There are various types of hyperpigmentation, with some of the most common being melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), and age spots (lentigines). Melasma often affects women during pregnancy or while taking oral contraceptives and is typically characterised by larger, symmetrical patches on the face. PIH occurs as a result of skin injury or inflammation, such as: acne, cuts or burns, and tends to fade over time. Age spots, on the other hand, are associated with ageing and sun exposure, appearing predominantly on the face, hands and shoulders as they are more exposed to the sun.